Contract

Under Turkish law, a contract (sözleşme) is formed when the parties exchange mutually consistent declarations of intent, typically an offer followed by an acceptance. Once formed, it creates binding rights and obligations between the parties.

Turkish law recognises freedom of contract: parties may shape the content of their agreement as they wish within statutory limits. Contracts that violate mandatory rules, public order, morality or personality rights are null and void. Sale, lease, service and construction contracts are the most common types encountered in practice.

As a rule, no particular form is required and even oral agreements are valid. However, certain contracts must be made in writing or before a public authority; real estate sales and suretyship are typical examples. Failure to observe a required form generally renders the contract invalid.